■動名詞(3)
[問1]〜しないで

[答1]without 〜ing

[問2]She went out, but she did not say good-by.＝ She went out ( )( ) good-by.

[答2]without saying

[問3]〜したあとで

[答3]after 〜ing

[問4]〜することで

[答4]by〜ing